The complexities of modern policing require law enforcement agencies to expand how
officers are trained to do their jobs. It is not sufficient for training to focus solely on the law or …

This paper reviews the current English-language literature on developments in police
training and education in order to identify common areas where higher education 'adds …

Research summary Several of the largest US police departments reported a sharp increase
in officer resignations following massive public protests directed at policing in the summer of …

Research Summary We analyzed 990 police fatal shootings using data compiled by The
Washington Post in 2015. After first providing a basic descriptive analysis of these shootings …

This study analyzes 131 police–citizen interactions observed during Fall 2016 and coded
through systematic social observation. We assessed how often officers use de-escalation …

A substantial amount of research has been conducted to identify the most influential
predictors of police use of force decisions. Attempts to summarize this research, however …

In the past, police scholars have examined the impact of higher education on different
measures of officer behavior, most notably arrest and the use of force. Much of this prior …

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Abstract Purpose The events in Ferguson in August 2014 reignited the longstanding
national discussion of race and the police use of force. Recent theory and research from …

The research in representative bureaucracy that examines the extent to which racial
congruence impacts bureaucrats' decisions is mixed. This study adds to this literature by …