Running economy (RE) is typically defined as the energy demand for a given velocity of
submaximal running, and is determined by measuring the steady-state consumption of …

The physical training undertaken by athletes is one of a set of lifestyle or behavioural factors
that can influence immune function, health and ultimately exercise performance. Others …

Training at low to moderate altitudes (~ 1600–2400 m) is a common approach used by
endurance athletes to provide a distinctive environmental stressor to augment training …

Acclimatization to moderate high altitude accompanied by training at low altitude (living high-
training low) has been shown to improve sea level endurance performance in …

Over the past two decades, intermittent hypoxic training (IHT), that is, a method where
athletes live at or near sea level but train under hypoxic conditions, has gained …

Adaptation to living or training in hypoxic environments (altitude training) continues to gain
interest from sport scientists and endurance athletes. Here we present the first meta-analytic …

Intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) refers to the discontinuous use of normobaric or hypobaric
hypoxia, in an attempt to reproduce some of the key features of altitude acclimatization, with …

This review outlines recent advancements in the understanding of athlete immune health.
Controversies discussed include whether high levels of athletic training and environmental …

To investigate the effect of altitude exposure on running economy (RE), 22 elite distance
runners [maximal O2 consumption (V̇o2) 72.8±4.4 ml· kg-1· min-1; training volume 128±27 …

Since the 1960s there has been an escalation in the purposeful utilization of altitude to
enhance endurance athletic performance. This has been mirrored by a parallel …