Color vision is widespread among insects but varies among species, depending on the
spectral sensitivities and interplay of the participating photoreceptors. The spectral sensitivity …

Blue is a favored color of many humans. While blue skies and oceans are a common visual
experience, this color is less frequently observed in flowers. We first review how blue has …

There is a wealth of research on the way interactions with pollinators shape flower traits.
However, we have much more to learn about influences of the abiotic environment on flower …

Flavonoid pigments are key determinants of flower colors. As absorption spectra of
flavonoids are known to be severely pH-dependent, cellular pH will play a crucial role in …

The diversity of flower colours in nature provides quantifiable evidence for how visitations by
colour sensing insect pollinators can drive the evolution of angiosperm visual signalling …

Plant–pollinator interactions provide a natural experiment in signal evolution. Flowers are
known to have evolved colour signals that maximise their ease of detection by the visual …

About one‐third of orchid species are thought to offer no floral reward and therefore attract
pollinators through deception. Statements of this idea are common in the botanical literature …

Abstract Background and Aims Flower colour is a key feature in plant–pollinator interactions
that makes the flowers visible amid the surrounding green vegetation. Green flowers are …

Flower signals of bee-and bird-pollinated plants have converged via pollinator-mediated
evolution, driven by the visual system of their respective pollinators. For bird flowers, sensory …

There is increasing interest in flies as potentially important pollinators. Flies are known to
have a complex visual system, including 4 spectral classes of photoreceptors that contribute …