Snow avalanches are a major natural hazard, endangering human life and infrastructure in
mountainous areas throughout the world. In many countries with seasonally snow‐covered …

Sintering of ice is driven by the thermodynamic requirement to decrease surface energy. The
structural morphology of ice in nature has many forms—from snowflakes to glaciers. These …

The international classification for seasonal snow on the ground is the result of a ICSI-UCCS-
IACS Working Group on Snow Classification. The Working Group efforts have resulted in an …

Continuum numerical modeling of dynamic crack propagation has been a great challenge
over the past decade. This is particularly the case for anticracks in porous materials, as …

The failure of a weak snow layer buried below cohesive slab layers is a necessary, but
insufficient, condition for the release of a dry-snow slab avalanche. The size of the crack in …

The seasonal snow cover is spatially variable. Spatial variability of layer properties is due to
various external and internal process drivers interacting with terrain and ground cover …

Snowpack characteristics for skier-triggered avalanches are described in order to better
understand skier triggering, to improve snow profile observation and interpretation, to make …

Measurements of the mechanical properties of snow are essential for improving our
understanding and the prediction of snow failure and hence avalanche release. We …

Shallow landslides pose a significant threat to people and infrastructure. Despite significant
progress in the understanding of such phenomena, the evaluation of the size of the …

Snow instability data provide information about the mechanical state of the snow cover and
are essential for forecasting snow avalanches. So far, direct observations of instability …