The functional interplay between the corticolimbic GABAergic and opioidergic systems plays
a crucial role in regulating the reward system and cognitive aspects of motivational …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a form of glial cell-based synaptic dysfunction disease
in which glial cells interact closely with neuronal synapses and perform synaptic information …

Chronic stress increases the risk of developing psychiatric disorders, including mood and
anxiety disorders. Although behavioral responses to repeated stress vary across individuals …

Propofol is a short-acting intravenous anesthetic that is widely used in clinical treatment.
Previous articles have indicated that propofol is a therapeutic target for anti-apoptosis, anti …

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders and is mainly characterized by low
mood or lack of interest and pleasure. It can be accompanied by varying degrees of …

Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a predictor of poor outcome across treatments for major
depressive disorder (MDD), while its potential role as a predictor of differential responses to …

Ketamine can produce rapid-acting antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant patients
with depression. Although alterations in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission in …

Prenatal excess of glucocorticoids (GCs) is considered to be one of the highly impacting
factors contributing to depression development. Although GCs are crucial for normal fetal …

Objective Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the
adult central nervous system, plays an important role during embryonic neural network …

Ethanol is the active ingredient in alcoholic beverages. As ethanol consumption increases
from zero to very high, it is still unknown which metabolites are present at different times and …