The malignant tumor is a multi-etiological, systemic and complex disease characterized by
uncontrolled cell proliferation and distant metastasis. Anticancer treatments including …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the complex meshwork of proteins and glycans that forms
the scaffold that surrounds and supports cells. It exerts key roles in all aspects of metazoan …

Abstract 'Jack of all trades, master of everything'is a fair label for transforming growth factor
β1 (TGF-β)–a cytokine that controls our life at many levels. In the adult organism, TGF-β1 is …

Extracellular matrices (ECM s) are highly specialized and dynamic three‐dimensional (3D)
scaffolds into which cells reside in tissues. ECM is composed of a variety of fibrillar …

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a non-cellular three-dimensional macromolecular network
composed of collagens, proteoglycans/glycosaminoglycans, elastin, fibronectin, laminins …

For a long time, cysteine cathepsins were considered primarily as proteases crucial for
nonspecific bulk proteolysis in the endolysosomal system. However, this view has …

Fibrosis is defined as the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the
interstitium. It is an essential pathological response to chronic inflammation. ECM protein …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential component of the heart that imparts
fundamental cellular processes during organ development and homeostasis. Most …

The cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) not only provides mechanical support, but also
transduces essential molecular signals in health and disease. Following myocardial …

Basement membranes are delicate, nanoscale and pliable sheets of extracellular matrices
that often act as linings or partitions in organisms. Previously considered as passive …