How to calculate molecular column density

JG Mangum, YL Shirley - … of the Astronomical Society of the …, 2015 - iopscience.iop.org
The calculation of the molecular column density from molecular spectral (rotational or ro-
vibrational) transition measurements is one of the most basic quantities derived from …

The critical density and the effective excitation density of commonly observed molecular dense gas tracers

YL Shirley - Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 2015 - iopscience.iop.org
The optically thin critical densities and the effective excitation densities to produce a 1 K
km/s (or 0.818 Jy km/s) spectral line are tabulated for 12 commonly observed dense gas …

[图书][B] Big data, little data, no data: Scholarship in the networked world

CL Borgman - 2017 - books.google.com
An examination of the uses of data within a changing knowledge infrastructure, offering
analysis and case studies from the sciences, social sciences, and humanities.“Big Data” is …

A protostellar system fed by a streamer of 10,500 au length

JE Pineda, D Segura-Cox, P Caselli, N Cunningham… - Nature …, 2020 - nature.com
Binary formation is an important aspect of star formation. One possible route for close-in
binary formation is disk fragmentation,–. Recent observations show that small-scale …

The big problems in star formation: the star formation rate, stellar clustering, and the initial mass function

MR Krumholz - Physics Reports, 2014 - Elsevier
Star formation lies at the center of a web of processes that drive cosmic evolution:
generation of radiant energy, synthesis of elements, formation of planets, and development …

Filamentary accretion flows in the embedded Serpens South protocluster

H Kirk, PC Myers, TL Bourke… - The Astrophysical …, 2013 - iopscience.iop.org
One puzzle in understanding how stars form in clusters is the source of mass—is all of the
mass in place before the first stars are born, or is there an extended period when the cluster …

Low virial parameters in molecular clouds: implications for high-mass star formation and magnetic fields

J Kauffmann, T Pillai, PF Goldsmith - The Astrophysical Journal, 2013 - iopscience.iop.org
Whether or not molecular clouds and embedded cloud fragments are stable against
collapse is of utmost importance for the study of the star formation process. Only" …

The green bank ammonia survey: First results of NH3 mapping of the gould belt

RK Friesen, JE Pineda, E Rosolowsky… - The Astrophysical …, 2017 - iopscience.iop.org
The Green Bank Ammonia Survey: First Results of NH3 Mapping of the Gould Belt - IOPscience
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Hierarchical fragmentation and differential star formation in the Galactic 'Snake': infrared dark cloud G11. 11− 0.12

K Wang, Q Zhang, L Testi, F Tak, Y Wu… - Monthly Notices of …, 2014 - academic.oup.com
Abstract We present Submillimeter Array (SMA) λ= 0.88 and 1.3 mm broad-band
observations, and Very Large Array (VLA) observations in NH 3 (J, K)=(1, 1) up to (5, 5), H 2 …

What determines the density structure of molecular clouds? A case study of Orion B with Herschel

N Schneider, P André, V Könyves… - The Astrophysical …, 2013 - iopscience.iop.org
ABSTRACT A key parameter to the description of all star formation processes is the density
structure of the gas. In this Letter, we make use of probability distribution functions (PDFs) of …