Executive summary “Depression is a disorder of mood, so mysteriously painful and elusive
in the way it becomes known to the self—to the mediating intellect—as to verge close to …

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may be referred to by other terms (eg, early life
adversity or stress and childhood trauma) and have a lifelong impact on mental and physical …

Background: Measures to quantify changes in the pace of biological aging in response to
intervention are needed to evaluate geroprotective interventions for humans. Previously, we …

Biological aging is the gradual, progressive decline in system integrity that occurs with
advancing chronological age, causing morbidity and disability. Measurements of the pace of …

The risk for major depression is both genetically and environmentally determined. It has
been proposed that epigenetic mechanisms could mediate the lasting increases in …

Background Exposure to early-life adversity is known to predict DNA methylation (DNAm)
patterns that may be related to psychiatric risk. However, few studies have investigated …

Biological embedding occurs when life experience alters biological processes to affect later
life health and well-being. Although extensive correlative data exist supporting the notion …

Longstanding racial/ethnic inequalities in morbidity and mortality persist in the United States.
Although the determinants of health inequalities are complex, social and structural factors …

Childhood maltreatment is a major risk factor for chronic and severe mental and physical
health problems across the lifespan. Increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that …

Childhood trauma is a key modifiable risk factor for psychopathology. Despite significant
scientific advances, traumatised children still have poorer long‐term outcomes than …