Microalgae cultivation in photobioreactors (PBRs) has emerged as a promising and
sustainable approach to address various environmental and energy challenges, offering a …

Algae have recently received growing attention given its prospects as a source of renewable
energy and its potential for CO 2 capture. Algae culture is of increasing value given that:(i) …

Heterotrophic or autotrophic? This is the continuous question the industry faces when
microalgae production is the endeavor. Surprisingly, nowadays specialists have not reached …

Global warming caused by anthropogenic CO 2 emission has been one of the most
important issues in the fields of science, environment and even international economics and …

Continued use of petroleum sourced fuels is now widely recognized as unsustainable
because of depleting supplies and the contribution of these fuels to the accumulation of …

The worldwide fossil fuel reserves are rapidly and continually being depleted as a result of
the rapid increase in global population and rising energy sector needs. Fossil fuels should …

Renewable biofuels are needed to displace petroleum-derived transport fuels, which
contribute to global warming and are of limited availability. Biodiesel and bioethanol are the …

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in microalgae, namely toward production of
lipids for biodiesel, upgrade of effluents, and synthesis of high added-value compounds …

In aerobic bioprocesses, oxygen is a key substrate; due to its low solubility in broths
(aqueous solutions), a continuous supply is needed. The oxygen transfer rate (OTR) must be …

Fluctuating market price of fossil fuel and overwhelming emission of greenhouse gases to
the atmosphere have resulted in climate change and have been a global concern in this …