There are two classes of glucose transporters involved in glucose homeostasis in the body,
the facilitated transporters or uniporters (GLUTs) and the active transporters or symporters …

Large water fluxes continuously take place between the different compartments of the brain
as well as between the brain parenchyma and the blood or cerebrospinal fluid. This water …

Cytotoxic brain edema triggered by neuronal swelling is the chief cause of mortality
following brain trauma and cerebral infarct. Using fluorescence lifetime imaging to analyze …

Transport through lipids and aquaporins is osmotic and entirely driven by the difference in
osmotic pressure. Water transport in cotransporters and uniporters is different: Water can be …

For teleost fish living in seawater, drinking the surrounding medium is necessary to avoid
dehydration. This is a key component of their osmoregulatory strategy presenting the …

Key points The large‐pore channel pannexin 1 (Panx1) is expressed in many cell types and
can open upon different, yet not fully established, stimuli. Panx1 permeability is often …

The occurrence of active water transport (net transport against a free energy gradient) in
photosynthetic organisms has been debated for several decades. Here, active water …

Mature macroglia and almost all neural progenitor types express γ-aminobutyric (GABA) A
receptors (GABAARs), whose activation by ambient or synaptic GABA, leads to influx or …

Carrier-mediated water cotransport is currently a favored explanation for water movement
against an osmotic gradient. The vestibule within the central pore of Na+-dependent …

Background: The blood glucose levels in patients Type II diabetes mellitus If are not
controlled it will worse condition. One attempt to reduce blood glucose levels is by walking …