The main results of the research performed in the last 30 years on ribosome-inactivating
proteins (RIPs) are reviewed, with emphasis on the new, controversial and uncertain …

Black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) has a long ethnobotanical history across many disparate
cultures as a treatment for viral infection and is currently one of the most‐used medicinal …

Deciduous shrub or more rarely a small tree to 10 m, often with straight, vigorous erect
shoots from the base; branches often arching. Bark brownish-grey, deeply furrowed, corky …

Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins (RIPs) are enzymes that trigger the catalytic inactivation of
ribosomes and other substrates. They are present in a large number of plants and have …

Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are toxins that act as N-glycosidases (EC 3.2. 2.22).
They are mainly produced by plants and classified as type 1 RIPs and type 2 RIPs. There …

An evidence-based systematic review of elderberry and elderflower (Sambucus nigra) by
the Natural Standard Research Collaboration consolidates the safety and efficacy data …

The berries of European elder are used in traditional German medicine for various
complaints. Due to insufficient research data, elderberry fruit was not monographed by the …

Many plants contain proteins that are commonly designated as ribosome-inactivating
proteins (RIPs). Based on the structure of the genes and the mature proteins a novel system …

The term ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) is used to denominate proteins mostly of plant
origin, which have N-glycosidase enzymatic activity leading to a complete destruction of the …

Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) display adenine polynucleotide glycosylase activity
on different nucleic acid substrates, which at the ribosomal level is responsible for the arrest …