The Andes are the world's most biodiverse mountain chain, encompassing a complex array
of ecosystems from tropical rainforests to alpine habitats. We provide a synthesis of Andean …

Aim Climate change is expected to impact mountain biodiversity by shifting species ranges
and the biomes they shape. The extent and regional variation in these impacts are still …

Mountains are arguably Earth's most striking features. They play a major role in determining
global and regional climates, are the source of most rivers, act as cradles, barriers and …

Orchidaceae show remarkable diversity in pollination strategies, but how these strategies
vary globally is not entirely clear. To identify regions and taxa that are data-rich and lend …

Orchids constitute one of the most spectacular radiations of flowering plants. However, their
origin, spread across the globe, and hotspots of speciation remain uncertain due to the lack …

Regions harbouring high unique phylogenetic diversity (PD) are priority targets for
conservation. Here, we analyse the global distribution of plant PD, which remains poorly …

Quantitative assessments of endemism, evolutionary distinctiveness and extinction threat
underpin global conservation prioritization for well-studied taxa, such as birds, mammals …

Speciation is driven by the evolution of reproductive isolating barriers that reduce, and
ultimately prevent, substantial gene flow between lineages. Despite its central role in …

Deciphering global trends in phylogenetic endemism is crucial for understanding broad-
scale evolutionary patterns and the conservation of key elements of biodiversity. However …

Aim It is well known that the distribution of species diversity is spatially heterogeneous, but
understanding the factors contributing to this heterogeneity and to the formation of …