Modes and manifestations of the explosive activity in the Earth's magnetotail, as well as its
onset mechanisms and key pre-onset conditions are reviewed. Two mechanisms for the …

Particles are accelerated to very high, non-thermal energies during explosive energy-
release phenomena in space, solar, and astrophysical plasma environments. While it has …

Magnetic reconnection converts, often explosively, stored magnetic energy to particle
energy in space and in the laboratory. Through processes operating on length scales that …

The rate of magnetic reconnection is of the utmost importance in a variety of processes
because it controls, for example, the rate energy is released in solar flares, the speed of the …

Magnetotail reconnection plays a crucial role in explosive energy conversion in geospace.
Because of the lack of in-situ spacecraft observations, the onset mechanism of magnetotail …

Magnetic reconnection in a current sheet is commonly found in astrophysical plasma
environments. If it is often bursty, releasing magnetic free energy explosively, in planetary …

Abstract The Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft encountered an electron diffusion region
(EDR) in a symmetric reconnection in the Earth's magnetotail. The EDR contained a guide …

Magnetic reconnection underlies the physical mechanism of explosive phenomena in the
solar atmosphere and planetary magnetospheres, where plasma is usually collisionless. In …

Standard magnetic reconnection couples with both electron‐and ion dynamics. Recently, a
new type of magnetic reconnection, electron‐only reconnection without the coupling of ion …

The physical foundations of the dissipation of energy and the associated heating in weakly
collisional plasmas are poorly understood. Here, we compare and contrast several …