A hallmark of retroviral replication is establishment of the proviral state, wherein a DNA copy
of the viral RNA genome is stably incorporated into a host cell chromosome. Integrase is the …

Since the emergence of HIV and AIDS in the early 1980s, the development of safe and
effective therapies has accompanied a massive increase in our understanding of the …

The HIV-1 capsid, composed of approximately 1,200 copies of the capsid protein, encases
genomic RNA alongside viral nucleocapsid, reverse transcriptase, and integrase proteins …

Integration is central to HIV-1 replication and helps mold the reservoir of cells that persists in
AIDS patients. HIV-1 interacts with specific cellular factors to target integration to interior …

Antiretroviral inhibitors that are used to manage HIV infection/AIDS predominantly target
three enzymes required for virus replication: reverse transcriptase, protease, and integrase …

Integrase is the retroviral protein responsible for integrating reverse transcripts into cellular
genomes. Co-packaged with viral RNA and reverse transcriptase into capsid-encased viral …

Integration of a desossiribonucleic acid (DNA) copy of the viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) into
host genomes is a fundamental step in the replication cycle of all retroviruses. The highly …

A large number of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) alterations,
referred to as class II substitutions, exhibit pleiotropic effects during virus replication …

Integration of the reverse-transcribed viral DNA into host chromosomes is a critical step in
the life-cycle of retroviruses, including an oncogenic delta (δ)-retrovirus human T-cell …

Allosteric integrase inhibitors (ALLINIs) are a class of experimental anti-HIV agents that
target the noncatalytic sites of the viral integrase (IN) and interfere with the IN-viral RNA …