When predicting the response of organisms to global change, models use measures of
climate at a coarse resolution from general circulation models or from downscaled regional …

Biological early warning systems (BEWSs) monitor the behaviour or physiology of living
organisms as an indirect mechanism to sense local environmental changes, and have …

The concept of oxygen-and capacity-dependent thermal tolerance in aquatic ectotherms has
successfully explained climate-induced effects of rising temperatures on species abundance …

Climate change effects on marine ecosystems involve various stressors, predominantly
temperature, hypoxia and CO 2, all of which may combine with further anthropogenic …

In light of the current rising mean temperatures and fluctuations in temperature extremes
involved in global climate change, a cause-and-effect understanding of the temperature …

Marine bivalves such as the hard shell clams Mercenaria mercenaria and eastern oysters
Crassostrea virginica are affected by multiple stressors, including fluctuations in temperature …

The physiological strategies that enable organisms to thrive in habitats where environmental
factors vary dramatically on a daily basis are poorly understood. One of the most variable …

Changes in the timing and interaction of seasonal high temperatures and low salinities as
predicted by climate change models could dramatically alter oyster population dynamics …

Stress proteins such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) and metallothioneins (MTs) play a key
role in cellular protection against environmental stress. Marine ectotherms such as eastern …

Abstract Changes in the global environment such as ocean acidification (OA) may interact
with anthropogenic pollutants including trace metals threatening the integrity of marine …