The core–mantle boundary (CMB)–the interface between the silicate mantle and liquid iron
alloy outer core–is the most important boundary inside our planet, with processes occurring …

Ultralow velocity zones (ULVZs) are the most anomalous structures within the Earth's
interior; however, given the wide range of associated characteristics (thickness and …

This chapter reviews theoretical approaches to calculating the energy and entropy budgets
of the Earth's core. The energy budget allows the growth of the inner core with time to be …

The rate at which heat is extracted across the core mantle boundary (CMB) is constrained by
the requirement of dynamo action in the core. This constraint can be computed explicitly …

Numerical convection models of the thermochemical evolution of Venus are compared to
present‐day topography and geoid and recent resurfacing history. The models include …

Mantle potential temperatures (T p) provide insights into mantle circulation and tests of
whether Earth is the only planet to exhibit thermally bi-modal volcanism—a distinctive …

Seismic studies have found fine-scale anomalies at the core–mantle boundary (CMB), such
as ultralow velocity zones (ULVZs), and the core rigidity zone,. ULVZs have been attributed …

The geological materials in Earth's lowermost mantle control the characteristics and
interpretation of seismic ultra–low velocity zones at the base of the core-mantle boundary …

The discovery of extra-solar “super-Earth” planets with sizes up to twice that of Earth has
prompted interest in their possible lithosphere and mantle dynamics and evolution. Simple …

To explain Venus' young surface age and lack of plate tectonics, Venus' tectonic regime has
often been proposed to be either an episodic-lid regime with global lithospheric overturns, or …