Cancers represent complex ecosystems comprising tumor cells and a multitude of non-
cancerous cells, embedded in an altered extracellular matrix. The tumor microenvironment …

The cancer-immunity cycle provides a framework to understand the series of events that
generate anti-cancer immune responses. It emphasizes the iterative nature of the response …

Dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit a specialized antigen-presenting function and play crucial roles
in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Due to their ability to cross-present tumor …

In recent years, immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led
to unprecedented breakthroughs in cancer treatment. However, the fact that many tumors …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies have achieved clinical benefit, but most
'immune-cold'solid tumors are not responsive. The diversity of immune evasion mechanisms …

Great strides have been made in recent years towards understanding the roles of natural
killer (NK) cells in immunity to tumours and viruses. NK cells are cytotoxic innate lymphoid …

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) contributing to immune responses to
microbes and tumors. Historically, their classification hinged on a limited array of surface …

Ten years since the immune checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab was approved for advanced
melanoma, it is time to reflect on the lessons learned regarding modulation of the immune …

The human immune system displays substantial variation between individuals, leading to
differences in susceptibility to autoimmune disease. We present single-cell RNA sequencing …

Unprecedented advances have been made in cancer treatment with the use of immune
checkpoint blockade (ICB). However, responses are limited to a subset of patients, and …