Aqueous zinc batteries dominate the primary battery market with alkaline chemistries and
recently have been rejuvenated as rechargeable devices to compete for grid-scale energy …

Ion-exchange membranes are performance-and cost-relevant components of redox flow
batteries. Currently used materials are largely 'borrowed'from other applications that have …

A new membrane fabrication process is presented, in which PBI is cast from a phosphoric
acid-based solution and transformed into a KOH doped membrane by immersion in KOH …

Membranes are a critical component of redox flow batteries (RFBs), and their major purpose
is to keep the redox-active species in the two half cells separate and allow the passage of …

Among energy storage technologies available or currently being developed, one of the most
promising and attractive electrochemical system is the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) …

Battery storage systems become increasingly more important to fulfil large demands in
peaks of energy consumption due to the increasing supply of intermittent renewable energy …

Large-scale energy storage systems (ESS) are nowadays growing in popularity due to the
increase in the energy production by renewable energy sources, which in general have a …

The vanadium flow battery (VFB) has been implemented as an alternative energy storage
technology for wind and solar energy systems due to its advantages of high energy …

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have attracted immense attention as one of the most promising
grid-scale energy storage technologies. However, designing cost-effective systems with high …

Polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes show excellent chemical stability and low vanadium
crossover in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs), but their high resistance is challenging …