A healthy nutritional state is required for all aspects of reproduction and is signaled by the
adipokine leptin. Leptin acts in a relatively narrow concentration range: too much or too little …

Hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons serve as the nodal regulatory centre of reproductive
function. These neurons are subjected to a plethora of regulatory factors that ultimately affect …

A genetic basis of congenital isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) can be
defined in almost 50% of cases, albeit not necessarily the complete genetic basis. Next …

Puberty is a complex process that culminates in the acquisition of psychophysical maturity
and reproductive capacity. This elaborate and fascinating process marks the end of …

Sexual, parental, and aggressive behaviors are central to the reproductive success of
individuals and species survival and thus are supported by hardwired neural circuits. The …

Central precocious puberty (CPP) results from early activation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐
gonadal (HPG) axis. The current state of knowledge of the complex neural network acting at …

Puberty is a major maturational event; its mechanisms and timing are driven by genetic
determinants, but also controlled by endogenous and environmental cues. Substantial …

In late 2003, a major breakthrough in our understanding of the mechanisms that govern
reproduction occurred with the identification of the reproductive roles of kisspeptins …

Pubertal onset is thought to be timed by an increase in pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing
hormone (GnRH)/gonadotropin secretion in mammals. The underlying mechanism of …

Neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) that co-express kisspeptin, neurokinin
B and dynorphin (KNDy cells) are essential for mammalian reproduction as key regulators of …