The sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin from Artemisia annua L. is well established for
malaria therapy, but its bioactivity spectrum is much broader. In this review, we give a …

Malaria is a devastating disease caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium. The most
common Plasmodium species that infect humans are Plasmodium falciparum and …

Cadmium (Cd), a widespread environmental pollutant, has toxic effects on organs including
spleen. However, the underlying mechanisms of Cd induced spleen toxicity and the roles of …

Chronic malaria is a major public health problem and significant challenge for disease
eradication efforts. Despite its importance, the biological factors underpinning chronic …

Stringent control of the type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling is critical for host immune defense
against infectious diseases, yet the molecular mechanisms that regulate this pathway …

Plasmodium parasites contain various virulence factors that modulate the host immune
response. Malarial pigment, or hemozoin (Hz), is an undegradable crystalline product of the …

Infection and nutrition are intricately interacted and further influence human health.
Infections are a worldwide health problem and malnutrition plays a significant role in the …

Protozoan parasite infection dramatically alters host metabolism, driven by immunological
demand and parasite manipulation strategies. Immunometabolic checkpoints are often …

Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for the most severe and deadliest human malaria
infection. The most serious complication of this infection is cerebral malaria. Among the …

A rise in body temperature caused by physical work, including exercise, in a hot climate can
lead to heat‐related illnesses such as exertional heat exhaustion and stroke. Individuals …