The aim of this ESC Guideline is to help health professionals manage people with heart
failure (HF) according to the best available evidence. Fortunately, we now have a wealth of …

Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is an uncommon syndrome characterized by sudden and severe
diffuse cardiac inflammation often leading to death resulting from cardiogenic shock …

Abstract Document Reviewers: Rudolf A. de Boer (CPG Review Coordinator)(Netherlands),
P. Christian Schulze (CPG Review Coordinator)(Germany), Magdy Abdelhamid (Egypt) …

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a complex multifactorial clinical syndrome with extremely high
mortality, developing as a continuum, and progressing from the initial insult (underlying …

Acute heart failure (HF) and in particular, cardiogenic shock are associated with high
morbidity and mortality. A therapeutic dilemma is that the use of positive inotropic agents …

There has been a significant increase in the use of short-term percutaneous ventricular
assist devices (pVADs) as acute circulatory support in cardiogenic shock and to provide …

The prognostic significance of the right ventricle (RV) has recently been recognised in
several conditions, primarily those involving the left ventricle, the lungs and their vascular …

Objective Catecholamines have been the mainstay of pharmacological treatment of
cardiogenic shock (CS). Recently, use of epinephrine has been associated with detrimental …

Background Historically, β-blockers have been considered to be relatively contraindicated
for septic shock because they may cause cardiac suppression. On the other hand, there is …

Aims Despite its high incidence and mortality risk, there is no evidence‐based treatment for
non‐ischaemic cardiogenic shock (CS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of …