Changes in the composition of the gut microbiota are associated with many human
diseases. So far, however, we have failed to define homeostasis or dysbiosis by the …

Beneficial associations with bacteria are widespread across animals, spanning a range of
symbiont localizations, transmission routes, and functions. While some of these associations …

Carbohydrate intolerance, commonly linked to the consumption of lactose, fructose, or
sorbitol, affects up to 30% of the population in high-income countries. Although sorbitol …

The gut microbiota prevents harmful microbes from entering the body, a function known as
colonization resistance. The enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar (S.) Typhimurium …

Molecular hydrogen (H2) and formate (HCOO−) are metabolic end products of many primary
fermenters in the mammalian gut. Both play a vital role in fermentation where they are …

The gut microbiota has been confirmed as an important part in human health, and is even
take as an 'organ'. The interaction between the gut microbiota and host intestinal …

The Maillard reaction reduces the gastrointestinal digestibility of ovalbumin (OVA) in vitro.
However, the regulatory effects of OVA and its Maillard reaction products (MRPs) on gut …

Host health and disease are influenced by changes in the abundance and structure of
intestinal flora. Current strategies are focused on regulating the structure of intestinal flora to …

Microbiota is associated with our bodily functions and microenvironment. A healthy,
balanced gut microbiome not only helps maintain mucosal integrity, prevents translocation …

Industrially originated trans-fatty acids (It FAs), such as elaidic acid (EA), and ruminant trans-
fatty acids (Rt FAs), such as trans-palmitoleic acid (TPA), may have opposite effects on …