Influenza A virus (IAV), a highly infectious respiratory pathogen, has continued to be a
significant threat to global public health. To complete their life cycle, influenza viruses have …

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) possess a great zoonotic potential as they are able to infect
different avian and mammalian animal hosts, from which they can be transmitted to humans …

Spillover events of avian influenza A viruses (IAVs) to humans could represent the first step
in a future pandemic. Several factors that limit the transmission and replication of avian IAVs …

H7N9 viruses quickly spread between mammalian hosts and carry the risk of human-to-
human transmission, as shown by the 2013 outbreak. Acute respiratory distress syndrome …

New influenza A viruses emerge in humans from time to time, causing global pandemics.
The most recent influenza pandemic began in 2009 with the influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 …

Avian influenza is one of the largest known threats to domestic poultry. Influenza outbreaks
on poultry farms typically lead to the complete slaughter of the entire domestic bird …

Background Human infections with avian influenza viruses (AIV) represent a persistent
public health threat. The principal risk factor governing human infection with AIV is from …

H7N9 influenza viruses were first isolated in 2013 and continue to cause human infections.
H7N9 infections represent an ongoing public health threat that has resulted in 1344 cases …

Zoonotic avian influenza A virus (IAV) infections are rare. Sustained transmission of these
IAVs between humans has not been observed, suggesting a role for host genes. We used …

In recent decades, there has been an intensification of the socioeconomic and
environmental drivers of pandemics, including ecosystem conversion, meat consumption …