The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is the largest known superfamily of secondary active
transporters. MFS transporters are responsible for transporting a broad spectrum of …

Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) control quantal size of glutamatergic
transmission and have been the center of numerous studies over the past two decades …

Synaptic vesicles accumulate neurotransmitters, enabling the quantal release by exocytosis
that underlies synaptic transmission. Specific neurotransmitter transporters are responsible …

Vesicular glutamate transporters accumulate glutamate in synaptic vesicles, where they also
function as a major Cl-efflux pathway. Here we combine heterologous expression and …

Cl− is the major extracellular (Cl− out) and intracellular (Cl− in) anion whose concentration
is actively regulated by multiple transporters. These transporters generate Cl− gradients …

Episodic ataxias (EAs) are rare neurological conditions affecting the nervous system and
typically leading to motor impairment. EA6 is linked to the mutation of a highly conserved …

Transporting small molecules across cell membranes is an essential process in cell
physiology. Many structurally diverse, secondary active transporters harness …

Homeostatic modulation of presynaptic neurotransmitter release is a fundamental form of
plasticity that stabilizes neural activity, where presynaptic homeostatic depression (PHD) …

Originally identified as transporters for inorganic phosphate, solute carrier 17 (SLC17) family
proteins subserve diverse physiological roles. The vesicular glutamate transporters …

The transport of classical neurotransmitters into synaptic vesicles generally relies on a H+
electrochemical gradient (∆ μ H+). Synaptic vesicle uptake of glutamate depends primarily …