Research conducted in recent years has increased public health concern about the toxicity
of lead at low dose and has supported a reappraisal of the levels of lead exposure that may …

This review focuses on the impacts of lead exposure on reproductive health and outcomes.
High levels of paternal lead exposure (> 40 μg/dl or> 25 μg/dl for a period of years) appear …

This study examines the effect of a tightening of the US air quality standard for lead in 2009
on the relocation of battery recycling to Mexico and on infant health in Mexico. In the United …

Lead is a heavy metal. It is used in lead-acid battery, as a coloring agent, paints, and metal
alloyed as shielding materials, smelters, printing press, and so on. It is a toxic metal affecting …

Transposable elements (TEs) comprise a group of repetitive sequences that bring positive,
negative, as well as neutral effects to the host organism. Earlier considered as “junk DNA,” …

Objective To study the associations of prenatal blood lead levels (B‐P b) with pregnancy
outcomes in a large cohort of mother–child pairs in the UK. Design Prospective birth cohort …

Background: Manganese is both an essential element and a known neurotoxicant to
children. High manganese exposures have been associated with negative reproductive …

Objective To compare self-report and physician assessments of sexual maturation against
serum hormone markers to evaluate the hypothesis that the validity of self-assessed sexual …

Background: Studies suggest that arsenic exposure influences birth outcomes; however,
findings are mixed. Objective: We assessed in utero arsenic exposure in relation to birth …

Background Metal exposure alters neurodevelopmental outcomes; little is known about
critical windows of susceptibility when exposure exerts the strongest effect. Objective To …