Chicken infectious anaemia (CIA), an emerging disease of poultry, is caused by Chicken
infectious anaemia virus (CIAV) of Gyrovirus genus and Anelloviridae family. CIAV is a …

Infection with fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) can result in a number of syndromes in the
production of chicken, including inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), hepatitis-hydropericardium …

Mycotoxins are heat stable, low molecular weight secondary metabolites that are produced
by several toxigenic fungi. Toxins producing fungi are present worldwide and their potential …

Hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) also known as hydropericardium–hepatitis
syndrome/Angara disease (in Pakistan)/Litchi heart disease (in India) or inclusion body …

Repeated cases of low pathogenic influenza A/H9N2 virus (IAV/H9N2) have been reported
in commercial chickens since its emergence in 1998 in Pakistan. However, recently …

Hydropericardium-hepatitis syndrome, a recently emerged disease of chickens, is caused by
some strains of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4). However, the relationship between the …

The major economic losses in poultry industry are incurred by mortality, production losses,
carcass condemnation because of infectious diseases caused by different viruses, bacteria …

Precise diagnosis and precautionary measures for Chicken Anemia Virus (CAV) requires
continuous surveillance of disease and understanding of local field CAV strains. The CAVs …

Hydropericardium syndrome (HPS)(also known as Angara disease and Litchi heart disease)
is an emerging disease of poultry caused by fowl adenovirus. The disease affects birds …

Chicken infectious anemia is a viral disease caused by the chicken infectious anemia virus
that not only causes increased mortality due to blood generation's tissue atrophies and …