Macroautophagy and microautophagy are highly conserved eukaryotic cellular processes
that degrade cytoplasmic material in lysosomes. Both pathways involve characteristic …

Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by pulmonary arterial remodeling that results in
increased pulmonary vascular resistance, right ventricular failure, and premature death. It is …

Bile duct epithelial cells, named cholangiocytes, may undergo a neoplastic transformation
leading to cholangiocarcinoma. The role autophagy plays in cancer is still debated and few …

Cholangiocarcinoma (CAA) and other liver cancer subtypes often develop in damaged
organs. Physiologic agents or extrinsic factors like toxins can induce cell death in such …

Autophagy is a physiological process that is ubiquitous and essential to the disposal or
recycling of damaged cellular organelles and misfolded proteins to maintain organ …

The E1-like enzyme ATG7 belongs to a group of ATG proteins that mediate the autophagy
process. Autophagy is a highly conserved degradation pathway important for maintaining …

The 3p25 locus experiences recurrent homozygous deletions in diverse carcinomas. A
validated tumor suppressor gene (TSG), VHL has long been assumed to be the target of this …

The esophageal epithelium is a stratified squamous tissue. Maintenance of the esophageal
epithelial proliferation-differentiation gradient is critical as esophageal epithelium is the first …

abstract Autophagy is a physiological process that is ubiquitous and essential to the
disposal or recycling of damaged cellular organelles and misfolded proteins to maintain …