Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis
and defense of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are highly heterogeneous in …

Lactate in the brain has long been associated with ischaemia; however, more recent
evidence shows that it can be found there under physiological conditions. In the brain …

Astrocytic contributions to Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression were, until recently, largely
overlooked. Astrocytes are integral to normal brain function and astrocyte reactivity is an …

In the last two decades evidence has gradually accumulated suggesting that the eye may be
a unique window for cardiovascular risk stratification based on the assessment of subclinical …

Connexins are ubiquitous channel forming proteins that assemble as plasma membrane
hemichannels and as intercellular gap junction channels that directly connect cells. In the …

Glucose is the mandatory fuel for the brain, yet the relative contribution of glucose and
lactate for neuronal energy metabolism is unclear. We found that increased lactate, but not …

Understanding brain energy metabolism—neuroenergetics—is becoming increasingly
important as it can be identified repeatedly as the source of neurological perturbations …

Connexins are a family of transmembrane proteins that play a key role in cardiac physiology.
Gap junctional channels put into contact the cytoplasms of connected cardiomyocytes …

The mechanisms of neurovascular coupling contribute to ensuring brain energy supply is
sufficient to meet demand. Despite significant research interest, the mechanisms underlying …

Brain computation performed by billions of nerve cells relies on a sufficient and
uninterrupted nutrient and oxygen supply,. Astrocytes, the ubiquitous glial neighbours of …