The immune system maintains a critically organized network to defend against foreign
particles, while evading self-reactivity simultaneously. T lymphocytes function as effectors …

The ability of naive T cells to clonally expand and acquire effector functions depends on the
strength of signals received by the T-cell receptor (TCR) and by an array of co-stimulatory …

Abemaciclib, an inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), has recently been
approved for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. In this study, we use …

The receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibits T cell proliferation and plays a critical role
in suppressing self-reactive T cells, and it also compromises antiviral and antitumor …

Proliferation of Ag-specific T cells is central to the development of protective immunity. The
concomitant stimulation of the TCR and CD28 programs resting T cells to IL-2-driven clonal …

Abstract Interleukin-2 (IL-2) was identified based on its potent T-cell growth-factor activity
and is widely considered to be a key cytokine in T-cell-dependent immune responses …

Positive and negative costimulation by members of the CD28 family is critical for the
development of productive immune responses against foreign pathogens and their proper …

Maintenance of peripheral tolerance is essential for homeostasis of the immune system.
While central tolerance mechanisms result in deletion of the majority of self-reactive T cells …

The requirement for CTLA-4 during the induction of peripheral T cell tolerance in vivo was
investigated using naive TCR transgenic T cells lacking CTLA-4. CTLA-4−/− T cells are …

T lymphocytes play a key role in immunity by distinguishing self from nonself peptide
antigens and regulating both the cellular and humoral arms of the immune system. Acquired …