The lymphatic system (LS) is composed of lymphoid organs and a network of vessels that
transport interstitial fluid, antigens, lipids, cholesterol, immune cells, and other materials in …

Finding new therapeutic targets of glomerulosclerosis treatment is an ongoing quest. Due to
a living environment of various stresses and pathological stimuli, podocytes are prone to …

The mammalian vascular system consists of two networks: the blood vascular system and
the lymphatic vascular system. Throughout the body, the lymphatic system contributes to …

Tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP), which is also known as nuclear
factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5), was discovered 20 years ago as a transcriptional …

Currently, there is a lack of effective therapeutic approaches to the treatment of chronic
kidney disease (CKD) with irreversible deterioration of renal function. This study aimed to …

High salt intake is a primary cause of over-hydration in chronic kidney disease (CKD)
patients. Inflammatory markers are predictors of CKD mortality; however, the pathogenesis …

Nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5), a Rel/nuclear factor‐(NF‐) κB family member,
is the only known gene regulator of the mammalian adaptive response to osmotic stress …

Abstract Purpose of Review Diabetes is a common and prevalent medical condition as it
affects many lives around the globe. Specifically, type-2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by …

Background Diabetic individuals have increased circulating inflammatory mediators which
are implicated as underlying causes of neuroinflammation and memory deficits. Tonicity …

Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP or NFAT5) is a regulator of cellular
adaptation to hypertonicity, macrophage activation and T-cell development. Here we report …