Response times (RTs) are a natural kind of data to investigate cognitive processes
underlying cognitive test performance. We give an overview of modeling approaches and of …

The item response times (RTs) collected from computerized testing represent an
underutilized type of information about items and examinees. In addition to knowing the …

In item response theory, modelling the item response times in addition to the item responses
may improve the detection of possible between‐and within‐subject differences in the …

Computer-based and web-based testing have become increasingly popular in recent years.
Their popularity has dramatically expanded the availability of response time data. Compared …

In high-stakes testing, often multiple test forms are used and a common time limit is
enforced. Test fairness requires that ability estimates must not depend on the administration …

Process data, different from item responses, essentially shows the interactions between test-
takers, item presentation including stems and options, technology-enhanced help features …

Item-level response time (RT) data can be conveniently collected from computer-based
test/survey delivery platforms and have been demonstrated to bear a close relation to a …

Response times are one of the important sources that provide information about the
performance of individuals during a test process. The main purpose of this study is to show …

Achievement estimates are often based on either number correct scores or IRT-based ability
parameters. Van der Linden (2007) and other researchers (eg, Fox, Klein Entink, & van der …

Latent trait models for responses and response times in tests often lack a substantial
interpretation in terms of a cognitive process model. This is a drawback because process …