The two most urgent and interlinked environmental challenges humanity faces are climate
change and biodiversity loss. We are entering a pivotal decade for both the international …

Baleen and sperm whales, known collectively as the great whales, include the largest
animals in the history of life on Earth. With high metabolic demands and large populations …

The effective size of a population, N e, determines the rate of change in the composition of a
population caused by genetic drift, which is the random sampling of genetic variants in a …

We introduce the Bayesian skyline plot, a new method for estimating past population
dynamics through time from a sample of molecular sequences without dependence on a …

To be an environmentalist early in the twenty-first century is always to be defending, arguing,
acknowledging the hurdles we face in our efforts to protect wild places and fight climate …

A brand new edition of the definitive textbook on humankind's impact on the Earth's
environment—now in full color This classic text explores the multitude of impacts that …

We present the first synthesis of the life history and ecology of seahorses, compare
relationships for seahorses with other marine teleosts and identify research needs …

Historical abundances of many large marine vertebrates were tremendously greater than
today. However, while pelagic sharks are known to have declined rapidly in the northwest …

Large predatory fishes have long played an important role in marine ecosystems and
fisheries. Overexploitation, however, is gradually diminishing this role. Recent estimates …

It is well known that microbes, zooplankton, and fish are important sources of recycled
nitrogen in coastal waters, yet marine mammals have largely been ignored or dismissed in …