Background On 2 May 2001, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) received a
petition from the Center for Biological Diversity and 10 co-petitioners requesting that …

" On April 30, 1994, Public Law 103-238 was enacted allowing significant changes to
provisions within the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA). Interactions between marine …

Each stock assessment includes, when available, a description of the stock's geographic
range; a minimum population estimate; current population trends; current and maximum net …

Abstract Two orca (Orcinus orca, Linnaeus, 1758), photo‐identified as part of an ongoing
study in New Zealand waters, have a series of deep scars in their dorsal lumbar‐caudal …

Gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) mortality incidental to commercial fishing operations in
British Columbia (BC), Canada was evaluated by two methods: a mailed questionnaire …

Killer whales are distributed throughout the marine waters of Washington. Four genetically
distinct populations are recognized and are referred to as southern residents, northern …

Under the 1994 amendments to the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), the National
Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) are …

Killer whales can be found in all three of Canada's oceans, as well as occasionally in
Hudson Bay and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Little is known about their occurrence or …

Although they are widespread, little is known of the beaked whales (members of the family
Ziphiidae). Very few studies of animals in the wild have been undertaken; most of our …

Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion, and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery
Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the Impacts of the Role …