The panarthropod head represents a complex body region that has evolved through the
integration and functional specialization of the anterior appendage-bearing segments …

Gene expression has been employed for homologizing body regions across bilateria. The
molecular comparison of vertebrate and fly brains has led to a number of disputed homology …

The anterior-most unit of the crown-group arthropod body plan includes three segments, the
pre-gnathal segments, that contain three neuromeres that together comprise the brain …

Beetle horns are attractive models for studying the evolution of novel traits, as they display
diverse shapes, sizes, and numbers among closely related species within the family …

Several highly conserved genes play a role in anterior neural plate patterning of vertebrates
and in head and brain patterning of insects. However, head involution in Drosophila has …

Segmentation is fundamental to the arthropod body plan. Understanding the evolutionary
steps by which arthropods became segmented is being transformed by the integration of …

Studying the embryogenesis of diverse insect species is crucial to understanding insect
evolution. Here, we review current advances in understanding the development of two …

Insect development has contributed significantly to our understanding of metazoan
development. However, most information has been obtained by analyzing a single species …

Many questions regarding evolution and ontogeny of the insect head remain open.
Likewise, the genetic basis of insect head development is poorly understood. Recently, the …

Insect mouthparts are modified appendages of head segments that are adapted to exploit
different food sources. This chapter describes the general mouthpart morphology of …