Chemokines are small proteins that control several tissue functions, including cell
recruitment and activation under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions. CXCL8 …

Microglial cells are the resident macrophages in the central nervous system. These cells of
mesodermal/mesenchymal origin migrate into all regions of the central nervous system …

Inflammation clearly occurs in pathologically vulnerable regions of the Alzheimer's disease
(AD) brain, and it does so with the full complexity of local peripheral inflammatory responses …

Background: Mild to moderate hypothermia (32–35 C) is the first treatment with proven
efficacy for postischemic neurological injury. In recent years important insights have been …

Glia have emerged as key contributors to pathological and chronic pain mechanisms. On
activation, both astrocytes and microglia respond to and release a number of signalling …

Cytokines constitute a significant portion of the immuno‐and neuromodulatory messengers
that can be released by activated microglia. By virtue of potent effects on resident and …

Millions of people worldwide suffer from neuropathic pain as a result of damage to or
dysfunction of the nervous system under various disease conditions. Development of …

Recent studies have implicated chemokines in microglial activation and pathogenesis of
neuropathic pain. CXC motif chemokine 13 (CXCL13) is a B lymphocyte chemoattractant …

Astrocytes actively participate in synaptic integration by releasing transmitter (glutamate) via
a calcium-regulated, exocytosis-like process. Here we show that this process follows …

Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) can induce dementia with alarming
occurrence worldwide. The mechanism remains poorly understood, but discovery in brain of …