The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an electrochemical process of the utmost
importance in energy conversion and storage, corrosion and chemical technologies. The …

Catalytic four-electron reduction of O2 to water is one of the most extensively studied
electrochemical reactions due to O2 exceptional availability and high O2/H2O redox …

Hydrogen is an important industrial material and ideal secondary energy. It is widely used in
petrochemical, electronics, metallurgy, food processing, fine organic synthesis, and clean …

The past decade has seen considerable growth in the development of materials for fuel cell
electrodes, and there is a desire for active electrocatalysts derived from base metals instead …

There is an increasing interest in replacing non-selective metal catalysts, currently used in
low temperature fuel cells, with enzymes as catalysts. Specific oxidation of fuel and oxidant …

The possibility of producing electrical power from chemical energy with biological catalysts
has induced the development of biofuel cells as viable energy sources for powering portable …

Efficient electrocatalytic energy conversion requires devices to function reversibly, that is, to
deliver a substantial current at a minimal overpotential. Redox-active films can effectively …

Enzymes are long established as extremely efficient catalysts. Here, we show that enzymes
can also be extremely efficient electro catalysts (catalysts of redox reactions at electrodes) …

Electroanalytical chemists and others are concerned not only with the application of new
and classical techniques to analytical problems, but also with the fundamental theoretical …

In this mini-review we briefly describe some historical developments made in the field of
enzymatic fuel cells (FCs), discussing important design considerations taken when …