How many words do we read per minute? A review and meta-analysis of reading rate
M Brysbaert - Journal of memory and language, 2019 - Elsevier
Based on the analysis of 190 studies (18,573 participants), we estimate that the average
silent reading rate for adults in English is 238 words per minute (wpm) for non-fiction and …
silent reading rate for adults in English is 238 words per minute (wpm) for non-fiction and …
[HTML][HTML] TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of the digital environment on the ocular surface
Eye strain when performing tasks reliant on a digital environment can cause discomfort,
affecting productivity and quality of life. Digital eye strain (the preferred terminology) was …
affecting productivity and quality of life. Digital eye strain (the preferred terminology) was …
Management of digital eye strain
C Coles‐Brennan, A Sulley, G Young - Clinical and experimental …, 2019 - Taylor & Francis
Digital eye strain, an emerging public health issue, is a condition characterised by visual
disturbance and/or ocular discomfort related to the use of digital devices and resulting from a …
disturbance and/or ocular discomfort related to the use of digital devices and resulting from a …
[HTML][HTML] Interventions for the management of computer vision syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Topic To evaluate the efficacy and safety of interventions for treating eye strain related to
computer use relative to placebo or no treatment. Clinical Relevance Computer use is …
computer use relative to placebo or no treatment. Clinical Relevance Computer use is …
E-readers and visual fatigue
The mass digitization of books is changing the way information is created, disseminated and
displayed. Electronic book readers (e-readers) generally refer to two main display …
displayed. Electronic book readers (e-readers) generally refer to two main display …
Effects of luminance and illuminance on visual fatigue and arousal during digital reading
We investigated the conjoint effect of screen luminance and ambient illuminance on visual
fatigue and arousal during prolonged digital reading (one hour) by means of a …
fatigue and arousal during prolonged digital reading (one hour) by means of a …
Smartphone, tablet computer and e‐reader use by people with vision impairment
MD Crossland, R S. Silva… - … and Physiological Optics, 2014 - Wiley Online Library
Purpose Consumer electronic devices such as smartphones, tablet computers, and e‐book
readers have become far more widely used in recent years. Many of these devices contain …
readers have become far more widely used in recent years. Many of these devices contain …
[HTML][HTML] Textual reading in digitised classrooms: Reflections on reading beyond the internet
A van der Weel, A Mangen - International Journal of Educational Research, 2022 - Elsevier
Discussions of digital technologies in education should take into consideration the role of
analogue technologies–such as print books–especially when it comes to reading. Empirical …
analogue technologies–such as print books–especially when it comes to reading. Empirical …
Symptoms associated with reading from a smartphone in conditions of light and dark
Asthenopia symptoms were investigated in visually-normal subjects without computer-
related vision symptoms after prolonged reading from: smartphone versus hardcopy under …
related vision symptoms after prolonged reading from: smartphone versus hardcopy under …
Saccadic eye movement metrics reflect surgical residents' fatigue
Objective: Little is known about the effects of surgical residents' fatigue on patient safety. We
monitored surgical residents' fatigue levels during their call day using (1) eye movement …
monitored surgical residents' fatigue levels during their call day using (1) eye movement …