Pulmonary structure and function change significantly between young adulthood and old
age. Elastic elements of the lung degenerate, parenchymal tissue is lost, alveolar ducts and …

The respiratory system is a complex interplay between the central nervous system,
respiratoryrelated motor neurons, and the muscles of respiration. During wakefulness, both …

Animal and human data indicate pathological afferent signaling emanating from the carotid
body that drives sympathetically mediated elevations in blood pressure in conditions of …

Premature fetuses and babies are at greater risk of mortality and morbidity than their term
counterparts. The underlying causes are multifactorial, but include exposure to hypoxia …

Hypoxic chemotransduction in the carotid body requires release of excitatory transmitters
from type I cells that activate afferent sensory neurones. Transmitter release is dependent on …

New Findings What is the central question of this study? Carotid body denervation removes
the ventilatory response to acute hypoxia, although haemodynamic responses to acute …

Drug-induced respiratory depression (DIRD) is a common problem encountered post-
operatively and can persist for days after surgery. It is not always possible to predict the …

Reflex increases in breathing in response to acute hypoxia are dependent on activation of
the carotid body (CB)—A specialised peripheral chemoreceptor. Central to CB O2-sensing …

Aims The mode of action by which doxapram acts as a respiratory stimulant in humans is
controversial. Studies in rodent models, have shown that doxapram is a more potent and …

It is generally acknowledged that the carotid body (CB) type I cell mitochondria are unique,
being inhibited by relatively small falls in PaO2 well above those known to inhibit electron …