Manganese (Mn) is an important micronutrient for plant growth and development and
sustains metabolic roles within different plant cell compartments. The metal is an essential …

Manganese (Mn) is an essential element for plant growth due to its participation in a series
of physiological and metabolic processes. Mn is also considered a heavy metal that causes …

Manganese (Mn), an essential trace element, is important for plant health. In plants, Mn
serves as a cofactor in essential processes such as photosynthesis, lipid biosynthesis and …

Roots are subjected to a range of abiotic stresses as they forage for water and nutrients.
Cytosolic free calcium is a common second messenger in the signaling of abiotic stress. In …

Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) and manganese (Mn2+) are essential elements for plants and have
similar ionic radii and binding coordination. They are assigned specific functions within …

Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone almost exclusively associated with the promotion of
immunity. It is also known that SA has a negative impact on plant growth, yet only limited …

Cation/proton exchangers (CAX s) are a class of secondary energised ion transporter that
are being implicated in an increasing range of cellular and physiological functions. CAX s …

Vacuolar storage of iron (Fe) is important for Fe homeostasis in plants. When sufficient,
excess Fe could be stored in vacuoles for remobilization in the case of Fe deficiency …

Cadmium, a toxic heavy metal, seriously affects human health and ecological security. The
cation/H+ exchanger (CAX) family is a unique metal transporter that plays a crucial role in …

Cation transporters/channels are key players in a wide range of physiological functions in
plants, including cell signaling, osmoregulation, plant nutrition and metal tolerance. The …