Ischemia/reperfusion, which is characterized by deficient oxygen supply and subsequent
restoration of blood flow, can cause irreversible damages to tissue. Mechanisms contributing …

Homocysteine (Hcy) is a toxic, sulfur-containing intermediate of methionine metabolism.
Hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy), as a consequence of impaired Hcy metabolism or defects in …

Recent evidence has revealed the importance of reciprocal functional interactions between
different types of mononuclear cells in coordinating the repair of injured muscles. In …

Abstract Introduction Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, such as myocardial infarction, stroke,
and peripheral vascular disease, has been recognized as the most frequent causes of …

Following a period of ischemia (local restriction of blood supply to a tissue), the restoration of
blood supply to the affected area causes significant tissue damage. This is known as …

The ABCC9 gene and its polypeptide product, SUR2, are increasingly implicated in human
neurologic disease, including prevalent diseases of the aged brain. SUR2 proteins are a …

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity
worldwide. There has been an extensive search for cardioprotective therapies to reduce …

Heart failure (HF) is considered one of the most common diseases and one of the major
causes of death. The latest studies show that HF is associated with an increase in oxidative …

Ischemic preconditioning is a process which serves to mitigate reperfusion injury.
Preconditioning of the heart can be achieved through natural, pharmacological, and …

Circulating exosomes could arrive in distant tissues via blood circulation, thus directly
communicating with target cells and rapidly regulating intracellular signalings. Circulating …