Microclimates at the land–air interface affect the physiological functioning of organisms
which, in turn, influences the structure, composition, and functioning of ecosystems. We …

Anthropogenic drivers of global change include rising atmospheric concentrations of carbon
dioxide and other greenhouse gasses and resulting changes in the climate, as well as …

The role of modern climatic microrefugia is a neglected aspect in the study of biotic
responses to anthropogenic climate change. Current projections of species redistribution at …

Forest canopies buffer climate extremes and promote microclimates that may function as
refugia for understory species under changing climate. However, the biophysical conditions …

Most ecological studies of the effects of climate on species are based on average conditions
above ground level (measured by meteorological stations) averaged across 100 km 2 or …

Aim Forest understorey microclimates are often buffered against extreme heat or cold, with
important implications for the organisms living in these environments. We quantified …

Microclimates have played a critical role in past species range shifts, suggesting that they
could be important in biological response to future change. Terms are needed to discuss …

Aims The choice of environmental predictor variables in correlative models of plant species
distributions (hereafter SDM s) is crucial to ensure predictive accuracy and model realism …

The majority of microclimate studies have been done in topographically complex
landscapes to quantify and predict how near-ground temperatures vary as a function of …

A digital elevation model (DEM) is a digital representation of ground surface topography or
terrain. It is also widely known as a digital terrain model (DTM). A DEM can be represented …