Background Chronic pain, considered to be pain lasting more than three months, is a
common and often difficult to treat condition that can significantly impact upon function and …

Globally, in 2016, low back pain (LBP) contributed 57.6 million of total years lived with
disability. Low Back Pain Guidelines regularly recommend the use of physical exercise for …

Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) is a major and highly prevalent health problem. Given the
high number of papers available, clinicians might be overwhelmed by the evidence on …

Objective Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by pain and fatigue, particularly during
physical activity. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) activates endogenous …

Abstract Purpose of the Review Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a major contributor to
societal disease burden and years lived with disability. Nonspecific low back pain (LBP) is …

The generation of action potentials in intramuscular motor and sensory axons in response to
an imposed external current source can evoke muscle contractions and elicit widespread …

Background and Objectives: Uncertainty about the clinical efficacy of transcutaneous electric
nerve stimulation (TENS) to alleviate pain spans half a century. There has been no attempt …

Pain is managed using a biopsychosocial approach and pharmacological and non-
pharmacological treatments. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a …

Purpose To evaluate benefits and harms of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
(TENS) for chronic primary low back pain (CPLBP) in adults to inform a World Health …

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of exercise and/or educational intervention on
physical activity and pain in patients with hip/knee osteoarthritis (OA) using systematic …