Over the past decade, the Arctic has warmed by 0.75° C, far outpacing the global average,
while Antarctic temperatures have remained comparatively stable. As Earth approaches 2° …

The Arctic sea-ice-scape is rapidly transforming. Increasing light penetration will initiate
earlier seasonal primary production. This earlier growing season may be accompanied by …

Abstract Changes in the Arctic atmosphere, cryosphere and Ocean are drastically altering
the dynamics of phytoplankton, the base of marine ecosystems. This Review addresses four …

The polar regions, notably the Arctic and maritime Antarctic, are experiencing impacts from
climate change at magnitudes and rates that are among the highest in the world, and will …

As Arctic sea ice deteriorates, more light enters the ocean, causing largely unknown effects
on the ecosystem. Using an autonomous biophysical observatory, we recorded zooplankton …

A rigorous synthesis of the sea-ice ecosystem and linked ecosystem services highlights that
the sea-ice ecosystem supports all 4 ecosystem service categories, that sea-ice ecosystems …

The Arctic marine ecosystem is shaped by the seasonality of the solar cycle, spanning from
24-h light at the sea surface in summer to 24-h darkness in winter. The amount of light …

In recent decades, the central Arctic Ocean has been experiencing dramatic decline in sea
ice coverage, thickness and extent, which is expected to have a tremendous impact on all …

Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) is the most abundant forage fish in the Arctic Ocean. Here we
review Arctic cod habitats, distribution, ecology, and physiology to assess how climate …

High concentrations of microplastics have been found in sea ice but the mechanisms by
which they get captured into the ice and which role ice algae might play in this process …