Plant–microbe interactions are important for both physiological and pathological processes.
Despite the significance of plant–microbe interactions, microbe–microbe interactions …

Biofilms are complex structures with an intricate relationship between the resident
microorganisms, the extracellular matrix, and the surrounding environment. Interest in …

Eukaryotic organisms evolved in a microbial world and often have intimate associations with
diverse bacterial groups. Kelp, brown macroalgae in the order Laminariales, play a vital role …

Microbes contribute biologically available nitrogen to the ocean by fixing nitrogen gas from
the atmosphere and by mineralizing organic nitrogen into bioavailable dissolved inorganic …

Kelp forests are experiencing broad scale declines in abundance and shifts in latitudinal
ranges in many areas of the world due to numerous environmental stressors, especially …

Introduction Saccharina latissima is a canopy-forming species of brown algae and, as such,
is considered an ecosystem engineer. Several populations of this alga are exploited …

Seaweed farming contributes substantial amounts of organic carbon to the ocean, part of
which can be locked for a long term in the ocean and perform the function of ocean carbon …

Kelps are dominant primary producers in temperate coastal ecosystems. Large amounts of
kelp biomass can be exported to the seafloor during the algal growth cycle or following …

Globally kelp farming is gaining attention to mitigate land-use pressures and achieve carbon
neutrality. However, the influence of environmental perturbations on kelp farming remains …

Kelp are important primary producers that are colonized by diverse microbes that can have
both positive and negative effects on their hosts. The kelp microbiome could support the …