Planets are built from planetesimals: solids larger than a kilometer that grow by colliding in
pairs. Planetesimals themselves are unlikely to form by two-body collisions alone; …

Observational surveys for extrasolar planets probe the diverse outcomes of planet formation
and evolution. These surveys measure the frequency of planets with different masses, sizes …

We used high-precision radial velocity measurements of FGKM stars to determine the
occurrence of giant planets as a function of orbital separation spanning 0.03–30 au. Giant …

The orbital distribution of giant planets is crucial for understanding how terrestrial planets
form and predicting yields of exoplanet surveys. Here, we derive giant planets occurrence …

We show that terrestrial planets in the habitable zones of M dwarfs older than∼ 1 Gyr could
have been in runaway greenhouses for several hundred million years following their …

Determining whether Earth-like planets are common or rare looms as a touchstone in the
question of life in the universe. We searched for Earth-size planets that cross in front of their …

Abstract 'Hot super-Earths'(or 'mini-Neptunes') between one and four times Earth's size with
period shorter than 100 d orbit 30–50 per cent of Sun-like stars. Their orbital configuration …

We report the distribution of planets as a function of planet radius, orbital period, and stellar
effective temperature for orbital periods less than 50 days around solar-type (GK) stars …

The size frequency distribution of exoplanet radii between 1 and 4R⊕ is bimodal with peaks
at∼ 1.4 R⊕ and∼ 2.4 R⊕, and a valley at∼ 1.8 R⊕. This radius valley separates two …

The mass–period or radius–period distribution of close-in exoplanets shows a paucity of
intermediate mass/size (sub-Jovian) planets with periods≲ 3 d. We show that this sub …