The age of an experimental animal can be a critical variable, yet age matters are often
overlooked within neuroscience. Many studies make use of young animals, without …

This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It …

Abstract Shi, L., Adams, MM, Long, A., Carter, CC, Bennett, C., Sonntag, WE, Nicolle, MM,
Robbins, M., D'Agostino, R., Jr. and Brunso-Bechtold, JK Spatial Learning and Memory …

BACKGROUND: Alcoholism, like other substance abuse disorders, is a chronically relapsing
condition. Compared with other abused drugs, however, little is known about the neural …

Medial perforant path plasticity can be attenuated by 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid
(APV) infusions, whereas lateral perforant path plasticity can be attenuated by naloxone …

Methadone and buprenorphine are widely used for treating people with opioid dependence,
including pregnant women. Prenatal exposure to opioids has devastating effects on the …

Behavioral flexibility is a component of executive functioning that allows individuals to adapt
to changing environmental conditions. Independent lines of research indicate that the mu …

A major difficulty in treating alcohol addiction is the high rate of relapse even after prolonged
abstinence. Relapse can be triggered by several factors, including stress, re-exposure to the …

The effects of systemic administration of bovine β-casomorphin-5 (Tyr-Pro-Phe-Pro-Gly), a μ-
opioid receptor agonist derived from milk β-casein, on spontaneous alternation behavior in …

Neuronal histone acetylation has been linked to memory consolidation, and targeting
histone acetylation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for neuropsychiatric …