I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

Contributing Authors Isam Alobid, MD, PhD1, Nithin D. Adappa, MD2, Henry P. Barham,
MD3, Thiago Bezerra, MD4, Nadieska Caballero, MD5, Eugene G. Chang, MD6, Gaurav …

Abstract Purpose of Review The objective of this article is to provide an updated review of
the economic burden of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and discuss how both medical and …

Background Persistent mucosal inflammation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)
often results in ongoing symptoms, recurrence of polypoid mucosa, infective exacerbations …

Endonasal endoscopic sinus surgery is the standard procedure for surgery of most
paranasal sinus diseases. Appropriate frame conditions provided, the respective procedures …

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis is common and sometimes complicated by nasal polyps
(NPs). Corticosteroid nasal sprays are often unsatisfactory because they are ineffective at …

Objective The recent development of endotypes to categorize disease variants of chronic
rhinosinusitis (CRS) reflects an evolving understanding of the various pathophysiologic and …

Objectives/Hypothesis With the aim of facilitating preference‐sensitive decision making
regarding elective endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), we set …

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common, high-morbidity chronic inflammatory
disease, and patients often experience suboptimal outcomes with current medical treatment …

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is believed to create a substantial population-
level disease burden in the United States due to its high prevalence and significant disease …