Proteins are translated in the cytoplasm, but many need to access the nucleus to perform
their functions. Understanding how these nuclear proteins are transported through the …

The Karyopherin-β family of proteins mediates nuclear transport of macromolecules. Nuclear
versus cytoplasmic localization of proteins is often suggested by the presence of NLSs …

Nuclear effector proteins released by bacteria, oomycete, nematode, and fungi burden the
global environment and crop yield. Microbial effectors are key weapons in the evolutionary …

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of RNAs greater than 200 nucleotides in
length exhibiting low or no coding potential that are involved in diverse biological functions …

Gravitropism guides growth to shape plant architecture above and below ground. Mutations
in LAZY1 impair stem gravitropism and cause less upright inflorescence branches (wider …

Plant intracellular nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs)
perceive the activity of pathogen‐secreted effector molecules that, when undetected …

Many plant‐pathogenic Xanthomonas rely on the secretion of virulence transcription
activator‐like effector (TALE) proteins into plant cells to activate plant susceptibility genes to …

Barley yellow dwarf viruses (BYDVs) cause widespread damage to global cereal crops.
Here we report a novel strategy for elevating resistance to BYDV infection. The 17K protein …

Plant nucleocytoplasmic transport beyond the nuclear envelope is important not only for
basic cellular functions but also for growth, development, hormonal signaling, and …

Abstract Background OsWRKY62 and OsWRKY76, two close members of WRKY
transcription factors, function together as transcriptional repressors. OsWRKY62 is …