Gas-solid fluidization technology has been commercialized in many industrial applications
since its implementation in the fluid catalytic cracking process in the early 1940s, however …

Understanding the hydrodynamics of gas–solid flows is a grand challenge in mechanical
and chemical engineering. The continuum-based two-fluid models (TFM) are currently not …

Different disciplines deal with mesoscale problems between the scales of element (micro)
and system (macro) in different ways. Usually, coarse-graining or statistical approaches …

Virtual process engineering (VPE) aims to redefine the roadmap for process scaling-up and
optimization, from stepwise experiments to high-performance computer simulations. This is a …

Abstract The Energy Minimization Multi-Scale (EMMS) drag model, using Sauter mean
particle diameter to represent real particle size distribution, has proven to be effective in …

This work focuses on the 3D full-loop CFD isothermal simulation of a transparent plexi-glass
small-scale CFB carbonator built by IFK for the hydrodynamic investigation of the CFB …

For the purpose of process optimization and scale-up, coupling energy-minimization multi-
scale (EMMS) drag model with computational particle fluid dynamics (CPFD) is a good …

Tunnel erosion of loess can cause geological disasters such as landslide and debris flow,
as well as threaten the safety of civil engineering structures. Understanding the mechanism …

Feedstock injection zone is a key section for fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) riser reactor. In
conventional design of commercial FCC risers, the injection angle of the feedstock is 30° …

Drag force is one of the main contributing factors in describing the hydrodynamics of gas-
solid flow systems. In fact, the drag force is the primary coupling force between the fluid and …