During evolution, the cerebral cortex advances by increasing in surface and the introduction
of new cytoarchitectonic areas among which the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is considered to be …

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a significant complication of pregnancy describing a fetus
that does not grow to full potential due to pathological compromise. FGR affects 3–9% of …

This review focuses on the role of prenatal hypoxia in the development of brain functions in
the postnatal period and subsequent increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders in later …

The fetal origins of adult disease (FOAD) hypothesis, which was proposed by David Barker
in the United Kingdom in the late 1980s, posited that adult chronic diseases originated from …

Schizophrenia is a chronic and debilitating mental illness characterized by a broad range of
abnormal behaviors, including delusions and hallucinations, impaired cognitive function, as …

Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia and resulting encephalopathies are of significant concern.
Intrapartum asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal death globally. Among surviving infants …

Exposure to a blast wave has been proposed to cause mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI),
with symptoms including altered cognition, memory, and behavior. This idea, however …

Accumulating evidence indicates that the fetal environment plays an important role in brain
development and sets the brain on a trajectory across the life span. An abnormal fetal …

Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a group of neurodevelopmental disorders of posture and
movement that are frequently associated with sensory, behavioral, and cognitive …

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and postural
impairments. However, early brain injury can promote deleterious effects on the …